Nearly half of CPAP users experience side effects that turn bedtime into a struggle. Dry mouth, mask discomfort, or feeling like your equipment is fighting you night after night are all too common. It’s exhausting and frustrating. 

But, with the right adjustments and guidance, relief is possible. Conquer common CPAP challenges and finally reclaim the restful sleep you deserve.

What Are the Most Common Side Effects of CPAP Therapy?

CPAP therapy stands as the gold standard treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). It is highly effective in reducing symptoms. However, potential side effects can occur and should be addressed. Knowing common challenges and prevention methods boosts adherence to therapy.

1. Dry Nose, Throat and Mouth

  • Cause: CPAP delivers continuous air pressure. It can cause dryness, especially for people who breathe through their mouths at night.
  • Prevention:
    • Use a CPAP machine with a built-in humidifier to add moisture to the air.
    • Consider a heated humidifier to further improve comfort.
    • Use a full-face mask or a chin strap to minimize mouth breathing.

2. Nasal Congestion, Irritation, or Runny Nose

  • Cause: Dry, pressurized air often irritates nasal passages. It may lead to inflammation, congestion, or even a runny nose.
  • Prevention:
    • Opt for a humidifier to moisten airflow.
    • Rinse nasal passages with saline spray before bedtime.
    • Adjust CPAP air pressure settings with guidance from your healthcare provider.

3. Mask Discomfort or Pressure Sores

  • Cause: Ill-fitting masks can cause facial pain, pressure sores, and skin irritation.
  • Prevention:
    • Ensure a proper mask fit. Consult your CPAP supplier for adjustments.
    • Use mask liners to reduce friction against the skin.
    • Consider switching to a different mask style. Nasal pillows or a full-face mask are some available options.

4. Difficulty Exhaling Against Pressure

  • Cause: Some individuals struggle to breathe out against the continuous airflow, causing discomfort.
  • Prevention:
    • Use a CPAP machine with a “ramp” feature that starts at a lower pressure and gradually increases.
    • Consider a BiPAP machine. It offers different pressures for inhaling and exhaling.
    • Consult your sleep specialist about adjusting pressure settings for better comfort.

5. Aerophagia (Swallowing Air)

  • Cause: Excessive air may enter the stomach, leading to bloating, belching, or discomfort.
  • Prevention:
    • Opt for lower initial pressure settings, then titrate upwards as tolerated.
    • Sleep with your head elevated to reduce the risk of air swallowing.
    • Work with a sleep specialist to fine-tune machine settings.

6. Noise from the CPAP Machine

  • Cause: Some older or malfunctioning machines produce noticeable noise, which can disrupt sleep.
  • Prevention:
    • Ensure the CPAP machine is placed on a stable, vibration-absorbing surface.
    • Regularly clean and maintain the machine and accessories to prevent mechanical issues.
    • Consider switching to newer, quieter CPAP models.

7. Eye Irritation or Dry Eyes

  • Cause: Air leaks from the CPAP mask can blow directly onto the eyes.
  • Prevention:
    • Ensure the mask fits snugly and is free of leaks.
    • Use eye protection, such as an eye mask, if necessary.
    • Adjust mask straps and cushioning to minimize leaks.

8. Skin Marks or Irritation

  • Cause: Prolonged use of CPAP masks may lead to skin indentation, redness, or allergic reactions.
  • Prevention:
    • Choose a mask with soft silicone or gel padding.
    • Alternate between different mask types to alleviate pressure points.
    • Wash your face before applying the mask and regularly clean the mask cushion.

9. Claustrophobia or Anxiety

  • Cause: The sensation of wearing a mask may provoke claustrophobia or anxiety in some users.
  • Prevention:
    • Gradually acclimate to the mask by wearing it during the day while awake.
    • Try different mask styles. Nasal pillows may feel less restrictive.
    • Practice relaxation techniques, such as deep breathing or meditation, before bed.

10. Headaches

  • Cause: CPAP-related headaches may be due to sinus pressure, mask pressure, or improperly set air pressure.
  • Prevention:
    • Adjust the fit of the mask to reduce unnecessary pressure.
    • Ensure the air pressure settings are appropriate for your therapy needs.
    • If headaches persist, consult your healthcare provider to rule out underlying conditions.

11. CPAP-Related Infections (Nasal, Sinus, or Lung)

  • Cause: Improperly cleaned CPAP equipment can harbor bacteria, mold, and other pathogens, increasing infection risks.
  • Prevention:
    • Clean masks, tubing, and humidifiers regularly with warm soapy water.
    • Replace CPAP filters as recommended by the manufacturer.
    • Allow equipment to dry completely before use to prevent mold growth.

Common CPAP Side Effects and How to Manage Them - The Insomnia and Sleep Institute of Arizona

Why Do CPAP Users Experience Discomfort with the Mask? 

Improperly fitting CPAP masks often lead to air leaks or pressure sores. Uneven pressure can cause skin irritation or redness. Tight masks restrict airflow, reducing therapy effectiveness. Loose masks frequently cause leaks that disrupt sleep. Skin rashes may develop from prolonged use. Material sensitivity, like to silicone or foam, can worsen reactions. These issues make wearing the mask challenging. Proper fit is crucial for comfort and effective therapy.

  • Mask Type: Different masks (nasal, full-face, nasal pillows) vary in comfort. Some users finding specific designs restrictive or claustrophobic.
  • Pressure Sensitivity: Higher air pressures can exacerbate mask discomfort. Breathing may feel forced or unnatural.
  • Anxiety or Claustrophobia: The sensation of wearing a mask can trigger anxiety in some, leading to discomfort.
  • Maintenance Issues: Poor mask hygiene leads to bacteria buildup. That buildup causes odors, infections, and added discomfort.

Start by prioritizing personalized fittings to reduce mask discomfort. Explore various styles and adjust pressure settings for the best fit. Frequent cleaning is key for improving comfort during therapy. Choosing the right materials makes the experience more manageable.

What Happens If You Stop Using CPAP Due to Side Effects? 

Stopping CPAP therapy due to side effects carries significant risks for people with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Untreated OSA leads to a higher chance of cardiovascular issues, like high blood pressure, heart attacks, and strokes. Daytime fatigue often becomes worse, making accidents more likely. Concentration and memory can take a hit. Many experience a sharp decline in workplace productivity. Sleep apnea’s impact stretches far beyond nighttime symptoms.

  • Worsened Sleep Quality: Untreated sleep apnea disrupts sleep cycles and causes chronic fatigue. It can also lead to mood disorders and a decreased quality of life.
  • Health Deterioration: Oxygen deprivation during sleep worsens metabolic disorders like diabetes. That disruption often triggers a cascade of additional health problems.
  • Strain on Relationships: Loud snoring and choking episodes often disturb partners, causing relationship strain.

Stopping therapy isn’t the ideal first step. Collaborate with a sleep specialist to tackle side effects by adjusting masks, modifying pressure, or trying alternative options like BiPAP or oral appliances. Small changes can make a big difference. Better balance leads to improved compliance and lasting health benefits.

When Should You Seek Help for CPAP Side Effects? 

Persistent air leaks, even with adjustments, can be a problem. Dry mouth may continue despite using humidification settings. Frequent nasal congestion or skin irritation calls for professional intervention.

If you experience aerophagia (air swallowing), difficulty exhaling, severe headaches, or claustrophobia, reach out to a sleep specialist. Side effects like these may require changes to your mask fit. Pressure recalibration could also be necessary. In some cases, exploring alternative treatments might help. Acting quickly can preserve therapy effectiveness. You’ll reduce health risks with timely intervention. Staying on track improves long-term compliance and boosts well-being.

How Can We Help You Overcome CPAP Challenges? 

The Insomnia and Sleep Institute of Arizona offers expert help for CPAP challenges. Our specialists have solutions for mask discomfort and pressure intolerance. We focus on easing side effects and improving therapy comfort. The goal is to ensure you stick with the best treatment possible.

We also offer alternatives like Inspire Implant. Education on CPAP maintenance is central to reducing infection risks and improving effectiveness. Our goal is to make CPAP therapy seamless and effective. Trust in care that meets your unique needs. Contact us.

Our sleep treatment is available in Scottsdale, Phoenix, and Gilbert.